2021年成人高考高起点英语冲刺练习及答案（二）

    The sea is very big. Look at a map of the world. There is less land than sea. The sea covers three quarters of the world.

    The sea is very deep in some places. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometres deep. The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high. If that mountain were put into the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometres of water above it.

    If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers ,which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are less salty than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. Because it is very salty, swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea.

    In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are also millions of tiny living things that fl[oat in the sea. These floating things are very small. It is hard to see them. Many fish live by eating them.

    The sea can be very cold. Divers, who dive deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder.

    Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal.

1. One spot of the sea near Japan is _ .

A. nearly nine kilometres deep

B. almost eleven kilometres high.

C. two kilometres above the highest mountain in the world

D. two kilometres deeper than the height of the world' s highest mountain

2. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Fish cannot live in the salty sea.

B. The sea gets its salt from rivers.

C. Different parts of the sea have different amount of salt.

D. There is no fish in the Dead Sea.

3. Fish in the sea live         .

A. near the top of the sea 

B. deep down in the sea

C. at different depth of the sea 

D. on tiny living things in the sea

4. The deeper divers goes down in the sea,       .

A. the warmer the sea becomes 

B. the colder they find the sea is

C. the less the water above presses down 

D. the heavier their clothes must be

    The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, is own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity,and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination(以属) , and their psychological needs and capacities received little consideration.

    As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex,technological society that the United States has become,each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms.This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being.

    This new way of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a great interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person ' s child by spreading the principle of current and fashionable theories and methods of child-rearing.

5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. The Child as a Utilitarian Organism.

B. The Development of Cultural Values.

C. The Children of Colonial North America.

D. The Place of Children in American Society.

6. Children in colonial North America were mainly valued for their .

A. survival ability 

B. physical characteristics

C. productive capacity 

D. academic achievements

7. It can be inferred from the passage that formal schooling in colonial North America was .

A. highly disciplined 

B. generally required by law

C. improperly administered 

D. considered relatively unimportant

8. According to the passage , parents have become increasingly interested in .

A. their children ' s future occupations

B. having smaller families

C. adoption programs for childless couples

D. child-rearing techniques

【参考答案】

1.【答案】D

【考情点拨】事实细节题。

【应试指导】由文章第二段的内容可知，邻近日本的一片海域差不多深11千米，比世界上最高的山脉还深2千米。

2.【答案】A

【考情点拨】推理判断题

【应试指导】文章第三段最后一句话只是说“鱼在死海里不能生存”，并没有说鱼在所有的盐水海中都不能生存。

3.【答案】C

【考情点拨】事实细节题。

【应试指导】由文章第四段第二句话可知，在海里，不同的鱼生活在不同的深度。

4.【答案】B

【考情点拨】事实细节题。

【应试指导】由文章第五段最后一句话可知，潜水者越深入海底，他们会发现海水变得越冷。

5.【答案】D

【考情点拨】主旨大意题。

【应试指导】本文主要讲述美国儿童在家庭、社会中的地位。

6.【答案】C

【考情点拨】事实细节题。

【应试指导】从第一段第二句可知，在殖民地时期，美国的儿童价值是按其生产能力来评价的。

7.【答案】D

【考情点拨】推理判断题。

【应试指导】第一段讲述了殖民地时期美国儿童在家庭和社会中的地位，在他们发挥他们的角色作用之前，他们只是家庭结构的从属者，由此可推断出殖民地时期正式的教育对他们来说相对不是太重要。

8.【答案】D

【考情点拨】事实细节题。

【应试指导】从第三段第一句可知，父母对抚养孩子的方法越来越感兴趣。

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