2017年成人高考全国统一考试专升本英语真题试卷

   Passage Three 

 Eating an apple a day doesn’t keep the doctor away , but it does reduce the amount of trips you make to the drug store per year. That ' s according to a new study that investigates whether there ' s any truth in the old saying.
 A team of researchers led by Dr Matthew Davis, of the University of Michigan School of Nursing , asked 8,399 participants to answer survey questions about diet and health. A total of 753 were apple eaters, consuming at least 149g of raw apple per day. The remaining 7 ,646 were classed as non-apple eaters. When both groups answered questions on trips to the doctor and trips to the drug store per year,the apple eaters were found to be 27% less likely to visit the druggist for drugs.
 Trips to the doctor were not significantly affected by apple consumption , though. " Evidence does not support that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. However, the small number of US adults who eat an apple a day does appear to use fewer prescription medications, " the study concludes.
 Apple eaters were also found to be less likely to smoke and be more likely to have a higher educational attainment than non-apple eaters. While apples do not compete with oranges, they dc: contain some immune (兔疫的) system-increasing vitamin C , which may be why apple-eaters visit the druggist less. With over 8mg of vitamin C per medium-sized fruit, an apple can provide roughly 14% your daily recommended intake.
 Previous studies have also linked apple consumption to a lower risk of Type 2 diabetes (二型糖尿病) ,improved lung function and a lower risk of colon (结肠) cancer.
 44. How many non-apple eaters answered survey questions in the research?
 A. 149.                                              B. 7,646.
 C.753.                                               D. 8,399.
 45. What is the conclusion of the study?
 A. Apple consumption has greatly reduced US adults' trips to the doctor.
 B. An apple a day does keep the doctor away.
 C. Apples are far more nutritious than oranges.
 D. A small number of US adult apple eaters tend to take less medicine.
 46. What can we learn from the passage?
 A. Apples are better than oranges.
 B. Apples do have some vitamin C to increase the immune system.
 C. Apples can help cure certain diseases.
 D. Apples can provide people with sufficient daily intake of energy.
 47. What can be described as the writing style of this passage?
 A. Objective.                                         B. Creative.
 C. Subjective.                                        D. Persuasive. 

   Passage Four 

 Sometimes I scratch my head when I read about the government's efforts to improve schools:new standards and tests to be applied, strict teacher evaluations, and threats of school closures and job losses. They frighten the school employees , not to mention the students. Instead of making people unable to solve problems or try new ideas-which is what fear does to us-research on school reform strongly suggests that policy-makers should encourage school leaders to take a more humane approach. In their study on the reform efforts of twelve Chicago public schools, Bryk and Schneider found that enabling positive social relationships between the adults was the key to successful school improvement and that trust was at the heart of those relationships.
 Trust in schools comes down to one thing : psychological safety or safety to speak one ' s mind, to discuss with openness and honesty what is  and isn't working , to make collective decisions.
 Yet this kind of safety doesn't come easily to schools. According to Bryk and Schneider, the adults in school rely on each other to do their jobs correctly and with integrity (正直) . The challenge is that our expectations are very diverse based on our unique backgrounds.
 At one school where I taught, each teacher had different expectations about how much extra effort teachers should put into their work-a big difference between the teachers who left after the last bell and those who worked into the evening. And when expectations are unconscious or unspoken,it becomes impossible for others to live up to them.
 We also make assumptions about the intentions behind a person ' s behavior. As we all know, assumptions are often wrong. For example, parents and teachers may think the principal made a particular decision based on his career advancement rather than what ' s best for the students. If we don' t feel psychologically safe to question our assumptions and expectations, trust flies out the window and our relationships suffer.
 48. According to Paragraph l,why does the author scratch his head?
 A. Because he doesn't know what to do once schools are closed.
 B. Because he is not sure about the practicability of those new tests.
 C. Because he is concerned that many teachers will lose their jobs.
 D. Because he is not in favor of the government ' s reform efforts.
 49. According to Bryk and Schneider , what was  most important for successful school  improvement?
 A. New standards and tests in schools.          B. Positive social relationships.
 C. Strict teacher and student evaluations.        D. Assistance of the government.
 50. What is meant by trust in school?
 A. Freedom to express one ' s views.
 B. Extra effort teachers put into their work.
 C. Independence of the teachers in schools.
 D. Unconscious and unspoken expectations.
 51. What does the author say about the assumptions made about the intentions behind a person' s behavior?
 A. They should be trusted.                    B. They are often bold.
 C. They are often incorrect.                   D. They should be encouraged. 

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