2021年成考专升本英语阅读理解专项练习及答案

    There is no creature that does not need sleep or complete rest every day.

    If you want to know why , just try going without sleep for a long period of time. You will discover that your mind and body would become too tired to work properly. You would become irritable and find it hard to think clearly or concentrate on your work. So sleep is quite simply the time when the cells of your body recover from the work of the day and build up supplies of energy for the next period of activity.

    One of the things we all know about sleep is that we are unconscious in sleep. We do not know what is going on around us. But that doesn't mean the body stops all activity. The important organs continue to work during sleep, but most of the body functions are slowed down.

    For example, our breathing becomes slower and deeper. The heart beats more slowly, and the blood pressure is lower. Our arms and legs become limp(柔软的) and muscles are at rest. It would be impossible for our body to relax to such an extent if we were awake. So sleep does for us what the most quiet rest can not do.

    Your body temperature becomes lower when you are asleep, which is the reason people go to sleep under some kind of covers. And even though you are unconscious , many of your reflexes(反射动作) still work. For instance, if someone tickles(使觉得痒) your foot , you will put it away in your sleep, or even brush a fly from your forehead. You do these things without knowing it.

1. If you don' t have as much sleep as your body needs, you will

A. work properly 

B. think clearly

C. keep your attention on your work 

D. easily get angry

2. The cells of your body develop supplies of energy .

A. when you are asleep 

B. when you recover from your work of the day

C. in the next period of activity 

D. when you are quiet

3. In the clause “ . . .that we are unconscious in sleep" ( Para. 3) ,the word "unconscious" means .

A. untiring 

B .unmoved

C. quiet 

D. not knowing what is happening around

4. When you are sleeping,       . 

A. all of you reflexes stop working 

B. most of your reflexes stop working

C. many of your reflexes still work 

D. all of your reflexes still work

    The first European stock exchange was established in Antwerp, Belgium(比利时) , in 1531. There were no stock exchanges in England until the 1700's. A man wishing to buy or sell shares of stock had to find a broker( agents) to transact his business for him. In London, he usually went to a coffee house, because brokers often gathered there. In 1773 , the brokers of London formed a stock exchange .

    In New York City, brokers met under an old button-wood tree on Wall Street. They organized the New York Stock Exchange in 1792. The American Stock Exchange, the second largest in the United States, was formerly called the Curb Exchange because of its origin on the streets of New York City.

    A stock exchange is a market place where member brokers buy and sell stocks and bonds and bonds(债券) of American and foreign businesses on behalf of the public. A stock exchange provides a market place for stocks and bonds in the same way a board of trade does for commodities. The stockbrokers receive a small commission on each transaction they make.

    The stockholder may sell his stock wherever he wants to unless the corporation has some special rule to prevent it. Prices of stock change according to general business conditions and the earnings and future prospects(前景) of the company. If the business is doing well, the stockholder may be able to sell his stock for a profit. If it is not, he may have to take a loss.

5. In the 1600's, if a man wanted to buy or sell shares of stock, he had to do it through .

A. the government 

B. himself 

C. a broker 

D. the stock exchange

6. The second largest stock exchange in the U. S. used to be called .

A. the Wall Street Exchange 

B. the New York Stock Exchange

C. the Curb Exchange 

D. the U. S. Exchange

7. Which of the statements is true?

A. The stockholder can sell his stock to anywhere at any time.

B. There were no stock exchange in England in the 1700's.

C. The price of stock is not stable.

D. The stockbrokers do the transaction without charging for the stockholders.

8. The passage is mainly about .

A. the Wall Street 

B. the stock exchange

C. the stock 

D. the stockholder and stockbroker

    Tom had once worked in a city office in London, but now he is out of work. He had a large family to support, so he often found himself in difficulty. He often visited Mr. White on Sundays, told him about his troubles, and asked for two or three pounds.

    Mr. White, a man with a kind heart, found it difficult to refuse the money, though he himself was poor. Tom had already received more than thirty pounds from Mr. White, but he always seemed to be in need of some more.

    One day, after telling Mr. White a long story of his troubles, Tom asked for five pounds.

    Mr. White had heard this sort of thing before, but he listened patiently to the end. Then he said, "I understand your difficulties, Tom. I' d like to help you. But I' m not going to give you five pounds this time. I' ll lend you the money, and you can pay me off next time you see me. "

    Tom took the money, but he never appeared again.

9. Tom was now in difficulties because he      .

A. worked in a city office and was poorly paid

B. was poorly paid and had a large family to support

C. was poorly paid and always spent money carelessly

D. was out of work and had a large family to support

10. Altogether Tom received from Mr. White.

A. at least thirty-five pounds 

B. exactly thirty-five pounds

C. less than thirty pounds 

D. five pounds

11. Every time Tom went to Mr. White. he would .

A. directly ask for some money 

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